Balancing rapid development with biodiversity, climate, and water pressures remains a central challenge for Tanzania. This evaluation reviews whether GEF support since 1992 has produced lasting and nationally relevant results.

Covering 28 national projects and one regional effort with $78.9 million in GEF funding, it reviews documents and interviews stakeholders to assess relevance, effectiveness, and sustainability.

Projects generally perform satisfactorily, building enabling frameworks, strengthening national plans, and generating field results in protected areas, clean energy, and international waters. Progress toward impact appears in solar photovoltaic market changes and in governance gains such as the Lake Victoria Basin Commission, yet further progress is needed on monitoring and evaluation, on reducing implementation overruns, and on creating stronger links across Agencies and partners.

Sustainability improves when livelihood benefits and policy reforms align, but outcomes weaken when financing or coordination lapse.

The report recommends strengthening portfolio coordination through the operational focal point, formalizing the Small Grants Programme as a service provider for community components of larger projects, and expanding knowledge sharing by translating products into Kiswahili.