The adoption of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) created urgent demand for national systems to regulate the safe handling of living modified organisms. GEF became the primary financial mechanism to help countries meet these obligations, launching rapid support across its partnership.

This evaluation assesses GEF support for biosafety, focusing on its consistency with the CPB and effectiveness in building national capacity. Covering activities from 1997 to 2005, the study draws on portfolio reviews, field visits in 11 countries, stakeholder interviews, surveys, and an external review of the UNEP Toolkit.

Findings show that GEF quickly established a global support program after the CPB’s adoption, reaching 142 countries and contributing to early ratification and implementation. Development of national biosafety frameworks (NBFs) provided a foundation for scientific, legal, and information management capacity, though initial timeframes and budgets underestimated project complexity and limited technical support. Risk assessment and management training remained largely introductory.

The report recommends tailoring support to national conditions, investing in long-term training, broadening stakeholder awareness and use of the Biosafety Clearing-House, strengthening collaboration, and linking biosafety more strategically with the wider GEF biodiversity portfolio.

This report was presented during: GEF Council Meeting 28