The Annual Impact Report captures both the distributional effects of biodiversity projects on communities and the progress of ozone recovery efforts. 

The evaluation applied a mixed-method strategy, combining quasi-experimental statistical analysis with targeted case studies in Thailand and Costa Rica, alongside methodological development for assessing ozone-related interventions. The Thailand and Costa Rica studies find that communities surrounding protected areas experienced lower poverty compared to counterfactual districts, though income inequality rose in some Thai communities, indicating that aggregated gains may obscure localized challenges.

The findings suggest that protected areas can generate positive socioeconomic effects through mechanisms such as tourism and improved services, but that distributional impacts require closer attention.

Work on the ozone-depleting substances focal area advanced with the design of a theory-based evaluation and collaboration with international partners, setting the foundation for broader assessments of GEF contributions to ozone recovery.

The report concludes that a combination of macro-level analysis and case-based studies provides the most effective means of assessing impacts and recommends sustaining this mixed-method approach in future evaluations.